বিশিষ্টার্থক শব্দ / ড. মোহাম্মদ আমীন

wewkóv_©K kã Kx

wewkóv_©K kã I evK¨vsk¸‡jv‡K Bs‡iwR fvlvq Idioms and Phrases ejv nq| Oxford Dictionary Abyhvqx Idiomos A_© Form of Expression peculiar to a language. evsjvq ejv hvq : wewkóv_©K kã I evK¨vsk| wewkóv_©K kã wewfbœ cÖKvi n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb : wµqvevPK, we‡kl¨ I we‡klYevPK cÖf…wZ| AwaKvsk wewkóv_©K kã Am¤ú~Y© A_©evPK| Giv Ab¨ k‡ãi m‡½ hy³ n‡q ev ev‡K¨ cÖ‡qv‡Mi ci wewkó A_©evPKZv m„wói gva¨‡g m¤ú~Y© evK¨ MVb K‡i| GRb¨ wewkóv_©K kã‡K evK¨vskI ejv nq| m¤ú~Y© ¯^vaxb evK¨ bq e‡j, evK¨vsk ev wewkóv_©K kã Øviv g‡bvfve c~Y©fv‡e cÖKvk Kiv hvq bv| A‡bK‡ÿ‡Î Giƒc wewkóv_©K kã AvcvZ`„wó‡Z †h A_© cÖKvk K‡i, †m A‡_© k㸇jv †ewki fvM †ÿ‡Î e¨eüZ nq bv| †hgb : ÔwZwb Avgv‡K GK Møvm †Nvj LvB‡q w`‡q‡QbÕ, Avi ÔwZwb Avgv‡K †Nvj LvB‡q w`‡q‡QbÕ- G `ywU ev‡K¨i A_© m¤ú~Y© wfbœ|

wewkóv_©K k‡ãi msÁv_© :

†h kã ev c`mg~n wewkó A_© cÖKvk K‡i ev wewkó A_© cÖKv‡k e¨eüZ nq, †mme kã‡K wewkóv_©K kã ejv nq| †Kv‡bv kã ev kã mgó hLb ev‡K¨ e¨eüZ n‡q A‡_©i w`K n‡Z †Kv‡bv bv †Kvbfv‡e ˆewkó¨gq n‡q I‡V, ZLb †mme c`‡K wewkóv_©K c` ejv hvq| Avevi, AvÿwiK A_© Qvwc‡q hLb †Kv‡bv kã ev k㸔Q we‡kl A_© cÖKvk K‡i †mme kã ev k㸔QI wewkóv_©K kã bv‡g cwiwPZ| Ggb wKQz wKQz kã ev‡K¨ e¨eüZ nq †h¸‡jvi A_© m¤ú~Y© evK¨wU covi c~‡e© ejv hvq bv| †m¸‡jvI wewkóv_©K kã wnmv‡e cwiwPZ| †hgb : Aa©P›`ª A_© A‡a©K P›`ª| wKš‘ ev‡K¨ em‡j ÔAa©P›`ªÕ-Gi A_© n‡q Mjvav°v †`Iqv|

wewkóv_©K k‡ãi cÖKvi‡f` : cÖK…wZ, AvPiY, A_© wKsev evK¨vs‡ki MVb we‡ePbvq ˆeqvKiYMY wewkóv_©K kã‡K K‡qKwU †kÖwY‡Z wef³ K‡i‡Qb| h_v : (1) mgv_©K kã, (2) wfbœv_©K kã, (3) m‡gv”PvwiZ kã, (4) cÖvq m‡gv”PvwiZ kã, (5) evM&aviv cÖf…wZ|

wewkóv_©K k‡ãi Drm

wewkóv_©K k‡ãi A_© †hgb ˆewPΨgq, †Zgwb i‡q‡Q eûwea Drm| wb‡P wewkóv_© k‡ãi Drm D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv :

1. evsjv cÖev` : evsjv cÖev` wewkóv_©K k‡ãi Ab¨Zg Drm| Giƒc wewkóv_©K kã mvaviY gvby‡li AvjvcPvwiZv I mvwnZ¨K‡g© cÖev` n‡Z MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g wewkóv_© kã wnmv‡e ¯^xK…wZ †c‡q‡Q| Gfv‡e m¤ú~Y© cÖev` n‡Z `y-GKwU kã wew”Qbœ K‡i eû wewkóv_©K kã m„wó n‡q‡Q|

2. K‡_vcK_b : cÖvZ¨wnK K‡_vcK_b I K_vevZ©vi ga¨ n‡Z A‡bK evK¨vsk wewkóv_©K kã wnmv‡e M„nxZ nq| hv cieZ©xKv‡j AviI e¨vcKZv jvf K‡i|

3.  †jvKmvwnZ¨ : evsjvi †jvK mvwnZ¨ wewkóv_©K k‡ãi Ab¨Zg Drm| bvbv †jvKKvwnwb n‡Z M„wnZ A‡bK evK¨vsk GLb wewkóv_©K kã wnmv‡e e¨eüZ n‡”Q|

4. cÖvPxb mvwnZ¨Kg© : cyw_, RvwiMvb, mvwiMvb, KweMvb, ZR©v, K_KZv, MÖvg¨Qov, MxZ, DcvL¨vb cÖf…wZ cÖvPxb mvwnZ¨Kg© wewkóv_©K kãfvÐvi‡K mg„× K‡i‡Q|

5. cyivY : fviZxq cyivY wewkóv_©K k‡ãi Avi GKwU weivU Drm| ivgvqb gnvfvi‡Zi A‡bK NUbv n‡Z A‡bK wewkóv_©K kã evsjvq G‡m‡Q| †hgb : AwMœcixÿv, AM¯ÍhvÎv, eKavwg©K, N‡ii kÎæ wefxlY cÖf…wZ|

gÄyfvl

K_vi kw³ Zievwii †P‡q cÖej| ejv nq, K_vi †P‡q †ewk Kó w`‡Z cv‡i Ggb †KvbI A¯¿ †bB| Avevi K_vi †P‡q †ewk kvwšÍ w`‡Z cv‡i Ggb cig e¯‘I c…w_ex‡Z †bB| G Rb¨ ejv nq, kãeªþ| A_©vr k‡ãi kw³ eª‡þi g‡ZvB Amxg| †KvbI wKQy †mvRvmywR eySv‡bvi Rb¨ †hgb kã Av‡Q †Zgwb kã Av‡Q Nywi‡q ejvi| †Kvb f`ª‡jvK AwcÖq K_v mn‡R †mvRvmywR ej‡Z Pvb bv| AwcÖq K_vwU hLb bv ej‡jB bq, ZLb †gvjv‡qg K‡i Nywi‡q e‡jb| Bs‡iwR‡Z kã Pq‡bi G †KŠkj‡K Euphemism ejv nq| evsjvq G †KŠkj‡K gÄyfvlY e‡j| Aa¨vcK k¨vgvcÖmv` PµeZ©x Zuvi †jLv AjsKvi Pw›`ªKvq cÖ_g gÄyfvlY kãwU e¨envi K‡ib| gÄyfvlYI wewkóv_©K k‡ãi AšÍf©y³|

gÄyfvl I wewkóv_©K kã

Rvgv‡bi eÜy iweb Pywi K‡i| eo j¾v nq Rvgv‡bi wKš‘ KvD‡K ej‡Z cvi‡Q bv, iweb Pywi K‡i| ejj : iwe‡bi nvZUv‡bi Af¨vm Av‡Q| G ÔnvZUvbÕ Gi A_© Pywii Af¨vm| evRv‡i hvevi mgq ¯¿xi KÉ: Pvj evošÍ, gv‡b evwo‡Z Pvj †bB| Pvj †bB ejv j¾v I `vwi`ª¨ cÖKvkK| ZvB evošÍ| wf¶yK wf¶v PvBj, bv w`‡q ejv n‡jv : gvd Ki| c¨v‡KUUv GwM‡q w`‡Z Awdmvi ej‡jb : bv, bv Avwg Nyl LvB bv| Nyl`vZv webq weMwjZ K‡É ej‡jb, †K e‡j m¨vi Nyl| fvexi Rb¨ GKUv kvwo Avi ev”Pv‡`i Rb¨ wKQy wgwó wK‡b †b‡eb| †mw`b Avcbvi evmvq wKQz wb‡q †h‡Z cvwiwb|

wbwk gv‡b ivZ, KzUzg gv‡b †gngvb| Zv n‡j wbwkKzUg gv‡b nq iv‡Zi †gngvb| wKš‘ wbwkKzUg ej‡Z iv‡Zi †gngvb eySvq bv, †Pvi eySvq| Z‡e iv‡Z †h †gngvb Av‡m bv Zv bq| iv‡Z †gngvb G‡jI Zv‡`i †KD wbwkKzUzg e‡j bv| gÄyfvl‡Yi G cªwµqvq †Pvi‡K e‡j wbwkKyUy¤^| Bs‡iwR‡Z †Pvi‡K f`ªZv K‡i ejv nq †dqvi †UªWvi, PvKwi †_‡K wWmwgm‡K ejv nq †Mv‡ìb n¨vÛm¨vK, Avwj© wiUvqvig¨v›U ev Avwj© wiwjR|

cY¨vw`i `v‡gi †¶‡Î gÄyfvlY Z_v wewkóv_©K k‡ãi cÖ‡qvM †`Lv hvq| evRv‡i Av¸b †j‡M‡Q, mwZ¨Kvi Av¸b bq; wRwbmc‡Îi `vg †e‡o †M‡Q| GwU gvby‡li Avw_©K Ae¯’v‡K Pigfv‡e dzwU‡q †Zv‡j| Avi GKUv gÄyfvlY, Qqjvc Gi A_© †e‡o †M‡Q Ggb| evRv‡i GLb mwâi Qqjvc| nvwg`vi ¯^vgx †Kivwb, wKš‘ GwU ej‡Z j¾v K‡i, Avevi wg_¨v ejvI wVK bv| nvwg`v Zvi ¯^vgx Kx K‡i Rvb‡Z PvB‡j e‡jb, Kjg †clvi PvKwi K‡ib| gv‡b Awd‡m †jLv‡jwL K‡ib| ÔcÖK…wZi Wv‡K mvovÕ gv‡b ev_iæ‡g hvIqv| Bs‡iRiv Zv‡`i †Pv‡L hviv gvivZ¥K Acivax Zv‡`i nq‡Zv duvwm w`‡Zb bq‡Zv ev `xcvšÍi| `xcvšÍi‡K gÄyfvl‡Y ejv nZ Kvjvcvwb| cvwbi †Kvb is †bB| ZvB cvwb Kv‡jv n‡Z cv‡i bv, wKš‘ `xcvšÍ‡ii cvwb Kvjv ev Kv‡jv| jvjcvwbI Av‡Q, †hgb g`¨ ev A¨vj‡KvnjRvZxq cvbxq| Avgiv mPiviP †hUv cvb Kwi †mwU mv`vcvwb| Avm‡j Kx GUv mv`v? bv, G¸‡jvB gÄyfvlY ev wewkóv_©K kã| AvRKvj †hUv e„wË Av‡M †mUv‡K ejv n‡Zv Rjcvwb| Lye PgrKvi gÄyfvlY|

wewkóv_©K k‡ãi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, e¨envi I ¸iæZ¡

c„w_exi cÖ‡Z¨K fvlvq wewkóv_©K k‡ãi bvbvwea e¨envi I ¸iæZ¡ i‡q‡Q| myi, Q›` Avi cÖvK…wZK jv‡m¨ we‡gvwnZ evsjv fvlvi †ÿ‡Î Gme k‡ãi ¸iæZ¡ AviI A‡bK †ewk| evsjv fvlvq wewkóv_©K k‡ãi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, e¨envi I ¸iæZ¡ wb‡P D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv :

1. K_vevZ©v ev †jLvi mgq ev‡K¨ g‡bvMÖvnx I hyZmB kãm¾vq mw¾Z K‡i e³e¨‡K AvKl©Yxq K‡i †Zvjv| †hgb : †Pv‡ii gv‡qi eoMjv, KvbcvZjv, AwMœcixÿv

2. ev‡K¨ GKB c` evi evi e¨envi Ki‡j †h GK‡N‡qwg I †mŠ›`h©nxbZvi D™¢e N‡U, wewkóv_©K kã cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g Zv `~ixf~Z K‡i evK¨‡K ˆewPΨgq K‡i †Zvjv| †hgb : wgbnv fv‡jv †g‡q, †m fv‡jv MvB‡Z cv‡i| MwYZ I weÁv‡bI †m fv‡jv| G evK¨¸‡jv‡K hw` †jLv nq : wgbnv fv‡jv †g‡q, †m PgrKvi MvB‡Z cv‡i| MwYZ I weÁv‡bI †m `ÿ|Ó Zvn‡j g‡bvfve cÖKv‡k ev‡K¨i †mŠ›`‡h©i AviI kÖxe„w× N‡U|

3. we‡klY‡K bvbv Avw½‡K cÖ‡qvM K‡i e³vi Av‡eM Ges †kÖvZvi kÖe‡Y”Qvi kÖxe„w× NUv‡bv| †hgb : †n gnvb, †n gvb¨ei, †n kÖ×v®ú` cÖf…wZ|

4. †Kv‡bv k‡ãi e¨env‡i mvavi‡Y †Kv‡bv Abxnv ev Ab¨wea †Kv‡bv ms¯‹vi ev AcÖxwZKi Abyl½ wKsev AevwÂZ g‡bvfve _vK‡j Zv wZ‡ivwnZ Kivi Kv‡R wewkóv_©K k‡ãi eûj cÖ‡qvM †`Lv hvq| †hgb : ÔN‡i Pvj †bBÕ K_vwU w`‡q Afve ev AevwÂZ g‡bvfve cÖKvk bv-K‡i ejv nq ÔN‡i Pvj evošÍÕ| Avgiv mvaviYZ wfÿz‡K wfÿv bv-w`‡j ewj gvd Ki| GUvI wewkóv_©K kã|

5. g‡bvfv‡ei Av`vb-cÖ`vb ev †hvMv‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î fvlvi †mŠ›`h© iÿv Ges fve cÖKv‡ki e¨vcKZv‡K wbweo K‡i †Zvjvi Kv‡R wewkóv_©K k‡ãi Rywo †bB| †hgb : ÔZvi fv‡jvg›` †eva †bBÕ evK¨wUi †P‡q ÔZvi KvÐÁvb †bBÕ evK¨wU fvecÖKv‡ki e¨vcKZv‡K AviI wbweo K‡i|

6. wewkóv_©K kã e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g cici kã mw¾Z K‡i evK¨ I fvlv‡K Q‡›`ve× K‡i †Zvjv hvq| †hgb : GKRb QovKvi GKwU Qovi cÖ_g jvB‡bi ÔQweÕ k‡ãi cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z Ôm~h©Õ‡K we‡klvwqZ Ki‡Z PvB‡Qb| G‡ÿ‡Î QovKv‡ii Ôm~h©Õ c` e¨envi Kivi †Kv‡bv my‡hvM †bB| Zv‡K e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e ÔiweÕ| †Zvgvi Qwe/ †fv‡ii iwe|

7. Qov ev KweZvq Q›` AšÍ¨wgj iÿvi Rb¨ wewkóv_©K k‡ãi eûj e¨envi jÿYxq| Mjv †Wvev evwi, †Kg‡b hve evwo| G PiY `y‡Uv‡Z evwo c‡`i m‡½ Rj Avb‡Z n‡j Rj Gi mgv_©K kã ÔevwiÕ Avb‡ZB nq|

8. kÖ×v, †¯œn, Av`i, fv‡jvevmv cÖf…wZ üw`¨K g‡bvfv‡ei c~Y©cÖKv‡k wewkóv_©K k‡ãi †Kv‡bv weKí †bB| †hgb : evev Zzwg Avgvi cÖvY| G evK¨ w`‡q ejv n‡”Q evev †Zvgv‡K Avwg Avgvi wb‡Ri cÖv‡Yi g‡Zv fvjevwm| †Zgwb : †mvbv Avgvi, j²x, gnvgwng cÖf…wZ|

9. k‡ãi g‡a¨ AbycÖvm, e¨Äbv, nvm¨im, wØav cÖf…wZ Avbvi Rb¨ wewkóv_©K kã e¨eüZ nq| †hgb : †hgb : -KwU KvR K‡iv †h, KwU e¨v_v Ki‡e! G ev‡K¨ cÖ_g ÔKwUÕ A_© KqwU Ges wØZxq ÔKwUÕ A_© †Kvg‡oi Ask|